农民收入水平对农村家庭能源消费结构影响的实证分析

本文依据调查资料,利用层次分析法实证分析了农民收入水平对农村家庭能源消费结构的影响,得出结论:农户的收入水平对农村家庭生活用能源种类的选择影响较大,因此不同收入水平的农户家庭能源消费的结构存在较大的差异;人均收入在4000元以下的农户,户用沼气的权系数最大,人均收入超过4000元的农户,液化气的权系数最大;农户的收入越高,对能源的舒适性、便利性、卫生特性的要求越高,农户的收入越低,对能源的经济性则考虑得越多;使用无成本、又便利的户用沼气非常适合在收入水平较低的农村地区推广。     

“两法合并”对浙江省国税收入及经济税源的影响分析

新的企业所得税法的出台,实现了内、外资企业适用统一的企业所得税法。短期内对财政收入有所影响;长期实行法定税率或名义税率的降低,将更有利于企业投资和扩大再生产,并对浙江省落实"十一五"规划目标,加快经济社会发展起到了积极的作用。并为浙江省经济持续健康发展和财政收入的稳定增长提供了坚实的保障。     

浅析现金流量信息与会计收益信息

现金流量信息由于本身的客观性、可靠性,能够弥补传统会计收益评价指标的不足,提供更有价值更为相关的信息,直接反映企业的偿债能力、获利能力、财务弹性,进而判断企业的财务状况,评估企业经营绩效。但现金流量信息并不是万能的,传统的会计收益信息也有其可取之处。在动态中把握现金流量信息与会计收益信息的结合才是企业经营业绩评价指标的正确选择。     

Situational price sensitivity: the role of consumption occasion, social context and income

Research on consumer reaction to price has been largely confined to examining consumers’ price information search, evaluation of price alternatives, and individual purchase behaviors without regard to situational influences. At the same time, consumption has often been dichotomized in terms of its functional-hedonic nature and has been examined with regard to social influence. Surprisingly, researchers have heretofore not examined the potential effect of the consumption occasion or social context on consumers’ price sensitivity. Further, research examining the effect of household resources on price sensitivity has produced mixed results. We argue that household income effects on price sensitivity are dependent upon the situation. This research addresses two key issues. First, we examine whether individuals are equally price-sensitive when purchasing products for functional (e.g., purchasing frozen vegetables or paper towels) versus hedonic (e.g., purchasing ice cream or cookies) consumption situations and whether social context (i.e., consuming the product alone or with others) influences price sensitivity. Second, we explore the interaction effects of household income and consumption context on price sensitivity. We examine these issues across a series of three studies, finding that consumers’ price sensitivity is in fact attenuated by both hedonic and social consumption situations and that income moderates these effects. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.     

基尼系数及其实际应用

基尼系数是国际和国内分析收入分配差距的常用定量指标之一。系统介绍了基尼系数的含义、计算方法及其实际应用,并用基尼系数分解法分解了城乡差距、地区差距和收入差距来源构成,为分析收入分配差距提供了方法和统计依据。     

灰色关联理论运用于农民收入分析的研究

灰色关联理论是灰色理论的一个重要组成部分,是对一个系统发展变化态势的定量描述和比较的方法,是灰色聚类分析和灰色决策的基础。改革开放20多年来,农民收入不断增长,农民收入构成也发生了很大的变化,但近年来农业增速放缓,农民增收乏力,成为制约国民经济稳健发展的瓶颈。本文利用灰色关联理论分析影响农民收入的主要因素,并提出增加农民收入的政策建议。     

我国会计标准国际趋同的动态研究——以2000-2006年B股分析为例

本文通过对样本公司2000年至2006年按照我国会计标准和国际会计准则所披露的净损益指标的统计分析,研究我国会计标准的国际趋同情况。结果表明,从2000年到2006年,我国会计准则的发展并没有呈现一个方向一致的趋同趋势,分行业考察也没有一个规律性的变动趋势。另外,2000年和2006年导致差异出现的因素构成、因素的影响程度等也是不同的。     

Food waste paradox: antecedents of food disposal in low income households

This article aims to identify antecedents of food waste among lower‐middle class families – a paradox, given the financial constraints this population faces. The importance of this research is evident in escalating environmental pressures for better use of our planet's scarce resources. Given that most of the world is low‐income, any behavioral change in this population is likely to have a considerable impact. Empirical data were collected from 14 lower‐middle income Brazilian households, based on observations, in‐depth interviews, photographs and a focus group (n = 6). Five major categories of food waste antecedents were identified: (1) excessive purchasing, (2) over‐preparation, (3) caring for a pet, (4) avoidance of leftovers and (5) inappropriate food conservation. Several subcategories were also found, including impulse buying, lack of planning and preference for large packages. Surprisingly, findings show that strategies used to save money – such as buying groceries in bulk, monthly shopping trips, preference for supermarkets and cooking from scratch – actually end up generating more food waste. This mitigates the savings made during the purchasing phase.     

河北省居民消费协整分析

消费是国民经济的重要组成部分。在分析了河北省居民总体消费水平的基础上,利用1983-2003年的时间序列数据对其居民消费行为进行了协整分析,并依据分析结果,给出了提高河北省居民消费水平的相关政策建议。     

对我国个人所得税改革的几点想法

随着我国市场经济的快速发展,国民收入明显提高,个人所得税存在着分类所得税制设计不合理,费用扣除标准过低、课税范围狭窄、税率结构复杂等弊端。应采取实行混合所得税税制模式、健全费用扣除制度、拓宽税基、简化税制结构等措施,以实现“调节收入分配,体现社会公平”的立法原则。